Aesthetics & Art Criticism
Lesson 2 of 3 10 min +85 XP

Frameworks of Critique

How critics build an argument about a work.

What you'll learn

  • Distinguish formalist from contextual critique
  • Separate description from judgment
  • Structure a defensible interpretation
Beyond 'I liked it'

A film critic can't just say 'good' — they build a case from the acting, the framing, the theme. Frameworks of critique are the structured lenses that turn a gut reaction into a reasoned argument about a work.

Criticism is reasoned judgment

Art criticism is not mere opinion; it is an argument that moves from careful description to interpretation to evaluation. Formalist critique attends to the work's internal elements — line, color, composition. Contextual critique reads the work through its historical, social, and biographical setting.

Describe before you judge

Strong criticism grounds every claim in what is actually there. 'The diagonal pulls the eye upward' is evidence; 'it's a masterpiece' without that grounding is assertion.

Lab · Formal or contextual?
  1. You want to argue that a painting conveys unease.
  2. Decide whether to cite its jagged composition or the war it was painted during.
  3. Name which critical framework each appeal belongs to.

What you should see: Citing jagged composition is a formalist appeal; citing the wartime setting is a contextual one — the strongest critiques often combine both.

Knowledge Check

+30 XP / correct

1. Formalist criticism focuses primarily on…

2. A well-structured critique moves from…