Literature & the Essay
Lesson 2 of 4 8 min +60 XP

Figurative Language

Metaphor, simile, and imagery.

What you'll learn

  • Tell a simile from a metaphor
  • Recognize personification
  • Explain why writers use imagery
Saying more than the words

Call someone 'a night owl' and nobody pictures feathers — you mean they stay up late. Figurative language like metaphor and simile paints a vivid picture by comparing, so 'her voice was velvet' tells you more than 'her voice was smooth.'

Saying more than the literal

Figurative language paints pictures. A simile compares using 'like' or 'as' ('brave as a lion'). A metaphor says one thing IS another ('time is a thief'). Personification gives human traits to non-human things ('the wind whispered').

Simile:  Her smile was like sunshine.
Metaphor: Her smile was sunshine.
Lab · Name the device
  1. Read: 'The stars danced in the sky.'
  2. Ask: are stars being compared, or given a human action?
  3. Decide which device it is.

What you should see: Stars are given the human action of dancing — that's personification.

Knowledge Check

+15 XP / correct

1. 'Brave as a lion' is an example of a…

2. 'The wind whispered through the trees' uses…