Earth & Life Science
Lesson 2 of 4 7 min +50 XP

Earth Systems: The Cycles

How rock and water move in cycles.

What you'll learn

  • Describe the water cycle
  • Outline the rock cycle
  • Connect energy from the sun to these cycles
The puddle that never ends

A puddle dries in the sun, becomes a cloud, rains onto a mountain, and trickles back down — the same water going in circles for millions of years. Earth runs on cycles like this for water and even rock.

Nothing is wasted — it cycles

Water cycles endlessly: the sun evaporates it into vapor, it condenses into clouds, falls as precipitation, and collects in rivers and oceans to start again. Rock cycles too — heat and pressure turn one rock type into another over time.

  • Evaporation — liquid water becomes vapor
  • Condensation — vapor forms clouds
  • Precipitation — rain or snow falls
  • Collection — water gathers and the cycle repeats
Lab · Make a cloud
  1. Imagine a puddle on a sunny day.
  2. Trace where the water goes as it warms.
  3. Follow it up into the air and back down as rain.

What you should see: The puddle evaporates, condenses into clouds, and returns as precipitation — the water cycle.

Knowledge Check

+15 XP / correct

1. Water turning into vapor and rising is called…

2. What powers the water cycle?